STUDENT’S LEARNING OUTCOMES

Subsequent to concentrating on this unit, the understudies will have the capacity to:

• Define work and its SI unit.

• Calculate work done utilizing comparison:

Work = compel x separate moved toward constrain

• Define vitality, motor vitality and potential vitality. State unit of vitality.

• Prove that motor vitality K.E. = 1/2 mv2 and potential vitality P.E. = mgh. Take care of issues utilizing these mathematical statements.

• List the distinctive types of vitality with samples.

• Describe the procedures by which vitality is changed over starting with one frame then onto the next with reference to

• Fossil fuel energy
• Hydroelectric generation
• Solar energy
• Nuclear energy
• Geothermal energy
• Wind energy
• Biomass energy•

• Describe the process of electricity generation by drawing a block diagram of the process from fossil fuel input to electricity output.• State mass energy equation E = mc2 and solve problems using it.

• List the environmental issues associated with power generation.

• Explain by drawing vitality stream outlines through enduring state frameworks, for example, fiber light, a power station, a vehicle going at a steady speed on a level street.

• Differentiate vitality sources as non renewable and renewable vitality sources with illustrations of each.

• Define effectiveness of a working framework and ascertain the productivity of a vitality change utilizing the equation:

Effectiveness = vitality yield changed over into the required shape/add up to vitality enter

• Explain why a framework can’t have a productivity of 100%.

• Define control and compute control from the equation:

Control = work done/time taken

• Define the unit of force “watt” in SI and its change with drive.

• Solve issues utilizing numerical relations learnt as a part of this unit.

6.1 WORK

In Physics, work is said to be done when a drive follows up on a body and moves it toward the compel. The question emerges what amount of work is finished? Actually, more noteworthy is the constrain following up on a body and more is the separation moved by it, bigger would be the work done.

Numerically, Work is a result of drive F and removal S toward compel. Therefore

Work done = Force x displacement

6.2 ENERGY

The energy is an imperative and essential idea in science. It interfaces all the normal marvels. When we say that a body has energy, we imply that it can do work. Dilute running the stream can do work, so it has energy. The energy of running water can be utilized to run water plants or water turbines.

energy exists in different structures, for example, mechanical energy, heat energy, light energy, sound energy, electrical energy, synthetic energy and atomic energy and so on. energy can be changed from one frame into another.

A body has energy on the off chance that it is competent to do work.

6.3 KINETIC ENERGY

Moving air is called wind. We can use wind energy for doing various things. It drives windmills and pushes sailing boats. Similarly, moving water in a river can carry wooden logs through large distances and can also be used to drive turbines for generating electricity. Thus a moving body has kinetic energy, because it can do work due to its motion. The body stops moving as soon as all of its kinetic energy is used up.

6.4 POTENTIAL ENERGY

often a body can do work in spite of the fact that it is very still. For instance, an apple on a tree is fit to do act as it falls. In this manner, it has vitality because of its position. The sort of vitality which a body has because of its position is called its potential energy.

The energy possessed by a body due to its position is known as its potential energy.

Put away water has potential vitality because of its tallness. A sledge raised up to some tallness can do work since it has potential energy. An extended bow has potential vitality because of its extended position. Whenever discharged, the put away energy of the bow pushes the bolt out of it. The energy display in the extended bow is called versatile potential energy.

6.5 FORMS OF ENERGY

Energy exists in various forms

MECHANICAL ENERGY

The energy possessed by a body both due to its motion or position is called mechanical energy. Water running down a stream, wind, a moving car, a lifted hammer, a stretched bow, a catapult or a compressed spring etc. possess mechanical energy.

HEAT ENERGY

Heat is a form of energy given out by hot bodies. Large amount of heat is obtained by burning fuel. Heat is also produced when motion is opposed by frictional forces. The foods we take provide us heat energy. The Sun is the main source of heat energy.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Electricity is one of the widely used form of energy. Electrical energy can be supplied easily to any desired place through wires. We get electrical energy from batteries and electric generators. These electric generators are run by hydro power, thermal or nuclear power.